항체 정보 |
항체는 생체의 면역계에서 외부물질인 항원에 대항하는 매우 중요한 물질일 뿐만 아니라, 생물학연구자들에게 있어서 다양한 생명체내부 탐지실험을 제공가능한 물질이기도 합니다. 산타크루즈바이오테크놀러지는 세계 연구 커뮤니티에 필요한 가장 많은 종류의 항체와 siRNA, 프로토콜과 실험에 필요한 시약을 제공하고 있습니다. 저희 확장된 범위 항체에는 댜양한 포유류 세포 표적을 목적으로 한 Tumor Suppressors, Cell Cycle regulators, Kinases and Phosphatases, Signaling Intermediates, Structural Proteins, Transcription Factors, Lymphocyte Signaling molecules, Synthesis and Degradation machinery proteins, Cell Adhesion and Trafficking proteins 이 포함됩니다. 또한 다양한 화학물질 및 기타 microbes, S. Cerevisiae, C. elegans, A. thaliana, D. melanogaster, X. laevis and D. rerio 을 포함하는 non-mammalian targets 관련 항체도 제공합니다.
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| The structure of the antibody may appear simple, but the extraordinary nature of the immune system to produce specific antibodies to an inexhaustible number and variety of antigens is nothing short of mind-boggling. The antibodies bind their respective antigens through the complementarity regions (shown in light blue). These regions of the protein are encoded by the hypervariable regions of the immunoglobulin gene and their sequences are determined by the processes of recombination and somatic hypermutation1. |
| Antigen specificity allows the immune system to combat a number of pathogens and maintain molecular memory for possible future encounters, however, it can become harmful to the organism if those antibodies recognize self-antigens. For the researcher, antibodies have become a necessary tool to identify and enrich specific molecules in a number of contexts: in Western blots, ELISAs, ChIPs, immunoprecipitations and immunostaining of cells and tissues. For the clinician, antibodies are becoming more useful as therapeutics for the treatment of various cancers and immune disorders2. The number and variety of useful applications for antibodies continues to grow as we learn more about these exciting molecules. |
| 항체 Fragment |
항체 Isotype |
항체 제품 |
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monoclonal
polyclonal
-peptide
-recombinant
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| Intact Ig |
F(ab')2 |
F(ab') |
ScFv |
IgA |
IgG |
IgD |
IgE |
IgM |
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| While antibodies operate in the body as intact molecules and direct the immune response primarily through the action of the Fc region, scientists have developed methods for generating fragments of antibodies for various purposes. These fragments are generated by enzyme digestion and fragment purification or by various recombinant techniques3. Antibodies of different isotypes, bearing unique Fc regions (depicted in dark blue), travel to distinct tissue compartments of the body and elicit unique responses. The removal of the Fc region to varying degrees, as in the antibody fragments depicted, changes the physiologic and experimental properties of the antibody1. Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc. offers a variety of products for secondary detection of distinct antibody isotypes in addition to F(ab')2 secondary antibodies. |
| The conjugation of antibodies to fluorophores, enzymes and biotin is helpful for the isolation and detection of antigens. We offer a variety of biotin, HRP, fluorescent and Alkaline Phosphatase conjugated secondary antibodies for your research needs. In addition, we now offer a number of Alexa Fluor™ conjugated primary antibodies and control antibodies. |
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항체 제품 |
| 단클론(monoclonal)의 정의: 하나의 항원결정기에만 반응하고, 분자구조가 동일한 하나의 B 림프구에서 만들어진 한 종류의 항체 |
| 다클론 (polyclonal)의 정의: 한 target에 대하지만 여러 종류의 B 림프구에서 분비된, 항원결정기가 일정하지 않은 여러 종류의 항체 |
| Monoclonal antibodies are produced by hybridomas and are exact in their target epitope binding. We recommend monoclonals for the detection of highly expressed proteins and for flow cytometry, or other applications where exact target binding is necessary to prevent false positives. Monoclonal antibodies can also be useful for detecting changes in protein structure or post-translational modifications. |
| Polyclonal antibodies are useful for detecting proteins which have lower expression levels as more antibodies can bind a single protein molecule, thus enhancing the detection signal. Polyclonals generated against full-length recombinant protein targets are specifically recommended for immunoprecipitations and other techniques involving native protein conformation. When conducting an immunoprecipitation, maximized antibody binding is necessary to ensure pull-down of the target and any potential binding partners, in spite of the regions of the target protein which may be blocked by those binding partners. |
| Peptide polyclonal antibodies are produced following immunization to a peptide carefully selected from the target sequence. Because these polyclonal antibodies recognize only a particular portion of the target protein, in an unfolded state, these antibodies are recommended for Western blots and immunofluorescent and immunohistochemical staining. |
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| 컨퍼런스 정보 |
Cold Spring Harbor Conferences
Keystone Symposia |
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| 논문 정보 |
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
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1 Janeway, C.A., et al. Immunobiology.(2001) Garland Science.
2 Waldmann, T.A. Immunotherapy: past, present and future. (2003) Nat. Med. 9: 269-277.
3 Coligan, J.E., et al. Current Protocols in Immunology. (2002) John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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