CAX1 Background Information In plants and fungi, vacuolar transporters help remove potentially toxic cations from the cytosol. Transporter-mediated Ca(2+) efflux from the cytoplasm is an important component of plant signal transduction. The Arabidopsis thaliana cation exchangers, CAX1, CAX2 and CAX3, can transport Ca(2+) into the vacuole. Precise regulation of calcium transporters is essential for modulating the Ca2+ signaling network that is involved in the growth and adaptation of all organisms. The Arabidopsis H+/Ca2+ antiporter, CAX1, is a high capacity and low affinity Ca2+ transporter and several CAX1-like transporters are found in Arabidopsis.
